Mixing Tips
Professional mixing techniques from Sotto Voce engineers
The Art of Mixing
Mixing is where individual tracks come together to form a cohesive song. It's both technical and creative - balancing levels, carving frequencies, adding effects, and creating movement. Here are essential tips from our engineers.
1. Start with Balance
Before any processing, get a rough balance of all your tracks. Set fader levels so you can hear everything clearly. This should be your foundation.
Pro Tip
Mix at low volumes. If it sounds good quiet, it'll sound great loud. Low volumes also reduce ear fatigue.
2. Pan for Space
Use panning to create width and separation. Think of your mix as a stage:
- Center: Kick, snare, bass, lead vocals
- Left/Right: Guitars, keyboards, backing vocals, overheads
- Wide: Effects, ambience, double-tracked parts
3. EQ Fundamentals
Equalization shapes the tonal balance of each track.
Frequency Guide
Sub (20-60Hz)
Kick drum, bass - feel, not hear
Bass (60-250Hz)
Warmth, fullness - can get muddy
Low Mids (250-500Hz)
Body, boxiness - be careful here
Mids (500Hz-2kHz)
Presence, nasally quality
Upper Mids (2-5kHz)
Attack, clarity - ear fatigue zone
Highs (5-20kHz)
Air, brightness, sibilance
EQ Tips
- Cut before boost: Remove problem frequencies before adding
- High-pass filter: Remove low-end rumble from non-bass instruments
- Notch out resonances: Find and reduce harsh frequencies
- Create space: Cut competing frequencies between instruments
4. Compression Basics
Compression controls dynamics - it makes loud parts quieter and quiet parts louder.
Compression Settings Guide
- Vocals: 3-5dB reduction, medium attack, medium release
- Drums: Fast attack, fast release for punch
- Bass: 2-4dB reduction, medium attack, medium release
- Mix Bus: 1-2dB reduction, slow attack, auto release
5. Reverb and Delay
Spatial effects create depth and atmosphere.
- Short reverb: Adds space without drawing attention
- Long reverb: Creates drama and atmosphere
- Slap delay: Vintage rockabilly sound
- Ping-pong delay: Wide, rhythmic interest
Rule of Thumb
If you can hear the effect, it's probably too much. Effects should enhance, not distract.
6. Reference Tracks
Compare your mix to professional tracks in the same genre. This helps you hear what's missing or overdone in your mix.
7. Take Breaks
Your ears get fatigued. Take 10-15 minute breaks every hour. Listen on different speakers - car, headphones, phone, studio monitors.
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